Rock of Ages
Many people view mountains as timeless, but the truth is they are constantly changing, just on a much slower scale than human life. Table Mountain is a perfect example of this. Largely composed of sandstone deposited 540 million years ago, the mountain was originally part of a massive range that once reached heights of 3,000 meters. Over 300 million years of erosion shaped it into the distinctive “tabletop” we see today, a formation that is only about 60 million years old.
Despite its age, Table Mountain is still actively eroding. You can see evidence of this on any hike, where house-sized boulders precariously cling to cliffside ledges. At its current rate of erosion, scientists estimate the mountain will be reduced to a small hill in about 10 million years. This means the mountain’s current form, which has existed for 60 million years, is in its “later life,” much like a 60-year-old person in a human lifespan.
FAQs About Table Mountain’s Geology
How old is Table Mountain?
The rocks that make up Table Mountain are approximately 540 million years old. However, the mountain’s current shape and form are much younger, around 60 million years old. This makes it older than both the Alps and the Himalayas.
What is the mountain made of?
Table Mountain is primarily composed of sandstone, which was deposited by ancient rivers and inland seas. This sedimentary rock was later uplifted to form a massive mountain range, which has since been worn down by millions of years of erosion.
Is the mountain still changing?
Yes. Table Mountain is actively eroding due to wind, rain, and the expansion and shedding of its rock. This process is visible in the huge, loose boulders found on its slopes. Because of this ongoing erosion, its iconic shape will continue to change over millions of years.
What is the best way to see the mountain’s geology?
There is no better way to appreciate Table Mountain’s geology than by exploring it on foot. A hike allows you to see the unique rock formations, caves, and striking topographical features up close, giving you a true sense of its ancient history and ongoing evolution.
Popular Table Mountain Guided Hikes
Hike Table Mountain has grown from a personal passion into a way of life, driven by a deep love for the mountain itself. Our approach is simple: we’re not bound by rigid business models or market trends. Instead, we let our passion for Table Mountain guide us, creating a unique and personal experience for everyone who joins our guided hikes on Table Mountain.